Have you ever heard of Dirac's equation as a formula for love? With Valentine's Day coming up, it's common to see it posted that this equation tells us how two systems that interact with each other and then separate can be described as two different systems, but at the same time, As one of a kind. That is, as if it is an unbreakable love. Well, you should know that this is just Popular culture error In fact, the Dirac equation does not have this meaning. In fact, this interpretation is more relevant Quantum entanglement Than with Dirac's formula.
However, even if this context is wrong, you should know that Dirac's formula hides the unique properties that make it up The best ally of beauty and love. It is one equation, elegant and sober, that managed to unify two sciences in one expression: quantum mechanics and relativity. Its author, Paul Dirac, combined both disciplines, something that was unimaginable until then, to give rise to the book Unique expressionWhich was able to explain the behavior of electrons when they travel at speeds close to light.
We tell you all about this Romantic equation Why is its meaning confused with that of quantum entanglement?
Synergy between the two sciences
Throughout the twentieth century, there were two disciplines in physics that completely revolutionized this science: general relativity and quantum mechanics. Combining the two makes it possible to explain it practically All phenomena that occurred in the universe, but each had to be applied individually. Thus quantum mechanics was a window into the microscopic world, while Einstein's relativity allowed us to study what was happening in the microscopic world, where stars and planets have enormous scales and particles reach enormous speeds.
However, in this new scientific panorama, there were also some things that were certain problem Which scientists did not know how to treat. For example, Schrödinger's quantum theory, which is non-relativistic in nature, can completely explain the behavior of electrons in classical situations, but there seems to be no correct way to treat it when this They have gained very high speedsclose to the light.
Erwin Schrödinger and his wonderful (though little-known) philosophical side.
In this context, scientists were at a loss: how to study small particles such as electrons that respond with quantum behavior, when they move with the speed regime mentioned in Relativity? Fortunately, Paul Dirac proposed a solution to this dilemma: Synergy between both approaches In one equation
The most beautiful equation in the world
Armed with the motivation to model the behavior of relativistic electrons, Dirac formulated the Schrödinger equation to try Converted From wave to relativity. To do this, he started from the Austrian physicist's conclusions and applied Albert Einstein's famous relativity equation to them. Although this process was in reality Something more complicated Requiring many calculations, modeling, and tweaking of equations, Dirac was finally able to combine relativity and quantum science together One formula.
Through it, Paul Dirac perfectly described the dynamics of these spin ½ elementary particles when they move at speeds very close to the speed of light, i.e. at Relative movements.
Technically, it is a formula that explains, in a natural way, The existence of spin and antiparticles. In fact, although he did not realize it at the time, Dirac's equation is also valid for approximation with other particles, such as protons and neutrons, because they are formed from quarks (elementary particles).
Quarks: small but chaotic subatomic particles
The scientific community quickly dubbed the famous formula “The most beautiful equation in the world“, because of the integration of two of the most important ideas in all of science: quantum mechanics and relativity. He was his opponent Great teacher For the history of physics, and to this day, Dirac's legacy lives on through this remarkable formulation.
Portrait of Erwin Schrödinger. In 1933, Paul Dirac shared the Nobel Prize in Physics with Erwin Schrödinger “for the discovery of new productive atomic theories.”
Misinterpretation
However, although the synergy and connection between two very different approaches represented by the Dirac equation would already be enough to call it the “love equation,” popular culture embraces it. Imposing this metaphor Relating a formula to the meaning of terms it does not represent, such as, e.g Quantum entanglement.
This concept asserts that if two systems interact with each other for a certain period of time and then separate, they can be described as two different systems, but in a hidden way they return to one system. Unique system. This means that one country cannot be described independently of another.
Well, joining both concepts is not technically correct. It must be taken into account that the Dirac equation applies only to… Single electron behaviorwhile the entanglement, and therefore, the meaning that is wrongly given to it, is directed to Two particle dynamics.
It is possible that, at some point in the past decades, someone was not aware of the singularity that defines the Dirac equation mix up Different concepts within the quantum domain, incorrectly assigning this meaning to the equation.
So, you know, if you read somewhere this Valentine's Day that Dirac's equation is the love formula to explain the union between two particles, you'll already know that that's not really true, and that the love it represents is actually An undoubted connection Between quantum and relativity.
“Beeraholic. Friend of animals everywhere. Evil web scholar. Zombie maven.”