In view of the increasing migration flows in the world, the United Nations General Assembly in 2000 declared December 18 an international day. World Migrants DayWith the aim of enhancing the exchange of experiences and opportunities for cooperation between countries and regions in confronting the difficulties of international migration.
The establishment of this anniversary aims to highlight the challenges, difficulties and tribulations that migrants in the world must face, as well as to call on countries of the world to contribute to making migration a safe, regular and dignified process.
One of the main precedents for this anniversary lies in the adoption of the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and their Families by the United Nations General Assembly in 1990.
In 2016, an important step was taken in the field of migration, since the UN General Assembly approved a set of measures reflected in the New York Declaration on Refugees and Migrants. This Declaration recognizes affirmative action for migrants and commits to protecting the safety, dignity, freedom and human rights of migrants.
Human migration refers to the voluntary or forced migration of people from their country of origin or place of residence, permanently or temporarily.
The main reason for migration is the possibility of improving the quality of life of migrants and their families, as well as overcoming economic, social and demographic inequalities in their countries of origin.:
- hunger.
- The unemployment.
- Wars.
- Persecution for political, ideological or religious reasons.
- Climate changes and natural disasters.
Also affecting is the fact that most developed countries have a labor need that is difficult to cover with the local population. It requires immigrants capable of performing certain types of tasks, in most cases at low wages and without additional benefits.
By increasing the labor force, the number of consumers, and contributing their entrepreneurial skills, immigrants drive economic growth in host countries.
On the other hand, technological progress, infrastructure and high capital mobility of countries have driven migration processes.
Paradoxically, restrictive immigration policies imposed by states and manifestations of xenophobia have limited these processes, contributing to the increase in the social phenomenon of “illegal” or “undocumented” persons.
Efforts are currently focused on international cooperation to protect the human rights of migrants, as well as promoting the development and sustainability of countries.
According to the United Nations, at the end of 2021, more than 59 million people were displaced from their homes for various reasons: Conflicts, insecurity and the effects of climate change. These deportations do not always take place in a safe and orderly manner. Quite the contrary, millions of people continue to take dangerous roads year after year.
thus, The 2023 slogan for International Migrants Day is: “For the good of all, manage migration in a humane and orderly manner”.
The International Organization for Migration (IOM) reaffirms its commitment to strengthening the humane and orderly management of migration for the benefit of all, communities of origin, destination and transit.
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